Everything about Transitive Verbs totally explained
In
syntax, a
transitive verb is a
verb that requires both a
subject and one or more
objects. Some examples of sentences with transitive verbs:
- Harry sees Adam. (Adam is the direct object of "sees")
- You lifted the bag. (bag is the direct object of "lifted")
- I punished you. (you is the direct object of "punished")
- I give you the book. (book is the direct object of "give" and "you" is the non-prepositional indirect object of "give")
Those transitive verbs that are able to take both a direct object and an indirect object are called ditransitive; an example is the verb give above. Verbs that require a single object are called monotransitive. There are a few verbs that may be called "tritransitive".
Verbs that don't require an object are called
intransitive, for example the verb
to sleep. Since one can't "sleep" something, the verb acts intransitively. Verbs that can be used in a transitive or intransitive way are called
ambitransitive; an example is the verb
eat, since the sentences
I am eating (with an intransitive form) and
I am eating an apple (with a transitive form that has
an apple as the object) are both grammatically correct.
There are languages which distinguish verbs based on their
transitivity, which suggests that this is a salient
linguistic feature. For example, in Japanese:
» 授業が始まる。
Jugyō ga hajimaru. » The class starts.
» 先生が授業を始める。
Sensei ga jugyō o hajimeru. » The teacher starts the class.
However, the definition of transitive verbs as those which have one object isn't universal and isn't used in grammars of many languages. For example, it's generally accepted in
Polish grammar that transitive verbs are those which:
accept a direct object (in accusative in the positive form, and in genitive in the negative form), OR
undergo passive transformation.
Both conditions are fulfilled in many instances of transitive verbs, ex. Maria widzi Jana (Mary sees John; Jana is the accusative form of Jan) - Jan jest widziany przez Marię (John is seen by Mary). However, there are exceptions, and verbs with one or even two objects may also be intransitive.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Transitive Verbs'.
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